萬圣節簡介(中，英文版)

關于萬圣節有這樣一個故事。是說有一個叫杰克的愛爾半蘭人，因為他對錢特別的吝嗇，就不允許他進入天堂，而被打入地獄。但是在那里他老是捉弄魔鬼撒旦，所以被踢出地獄，罰他提著燈籠永遠在人世里行走。在十月三十一日愛爾蘭的孩子們用土豆和羅卜制作“杰克的燈籠”，他們把中間挖掉、表面上打洞并在里邊點上蠟燭。為村里慶祝督伊德神的萬圣節，孩子們提著這種燈籠挨家挨戶乞計食物。?這種燈籠的愛爾蘭名字是“拿燈籠的杰克”或者“杰克的燈籠”，縮寫為Jack-o'-lantern ?在拼寫為jack-o-lantern。 現在你在大多數書里讀到的萬圣節只是孩子們開心的夜晚。在小學校里，萬圣節是每年十月份開始慶祝的。孩子們會制作萬圣節的裝飾品：各種各樣桔紅色的南瓜燈。你可以用黑色的紙做一個可怕的造形??一個騎在掃帚把上戴著尖尖帽子的女巫飛過天空，或者是黑蝙蝠飛過月亮。這些都代表惡運。當然黑貓代表運氣更差。有時候會出現黑貓騎在女巫掃帚后面飛向天空的造形。在萬圣節的晚上，我們都穿著爸爸媽媽的舊衣服和舊鞋子，戴上面具，打算外出。比我們小的孩子必須和他們的母親一塊出去，我們大一點的就一起哄到領居家，按他們的門鈴并大聲喊道：“惡作劇還是招待!”意思是給我們吃的，要不我們就捉弄你。里邊的人們應該出?評價我們的化裝。 “噢!這是鬼，那是女巫，這是個老太婆。” 有時候他們會跟我們一起玩，假裝被鬼或者女巫嚇著了。但是他們通常會帶一些糖果或者蘋果放進我們的“惡作劇還是招待”的口袋里。可是要是沒人回答門鈴或者是有人把我們趕開該怎么辦呢?我們就捉弄他們，通常是拿一塊肥皂把他們的玻璃涂得亂七八糟。然后我們回家，數數誰的糖果最多。還有一個典型的萬圣節花招是把一卷手紙拉開，不停地往樹上扔，直到樹全被白紙裹起?。除非下大雪或大雨把紙沖掉，紙會一直呆在樹上。這并不造成真正的傷害，只是把樹和院子搞亂，一種萬圣節的惡作劇。

HALLOWEEN One story about Jack, an Irishman, who was not allowed into Heaven because he was stingy with his money. So he was sent to hell. But down there he played tricks on the Devil (Satan), so he was kicked out of Hell and made to walk the earth forever carrying a lantern. Well, Irish children made Jack's lanterns on October 31st from a large potato or turnip, hollowed out with the sides having holes and lit by little candles inside. And Irish children would carry them as they went from house to house begging for food for the village Halloween festival that honored the Druid god Muck Olla. The Irish name for these lanterns was "Jack with the lantern" or "Jack of the lantern," abbreviated as " Jack-o'-lantern" and now spelled "jack-o-lantern." The traditional Halloween you can read about in most books was just children's fun night. Halloween celebrations would start in October in every elementary school. Children would make Halloween decorations, all kinds of orange-paper jack-o-lanterns. And from black paper you'd cut "scary" designs ---an evil witch with a pointed hat riding through the sky on a broomstick, maybe with black bats flying across the moon, and that meant bad luck. And of course black cats for more bad luck. Sometimes a black cat would ride away into the sky on the back of the witch's broom. And on Halloween night we'd dress up in Mom or Dad's old shoes and clothes, put on a mask, and be ready to go outside. The little kids (children younger than we were) had to go with thEir mothers, but we older ones went together to nEIghbors' houses, ringing their doorbell and yelling, "Trick or treat!" meaning, "Give us a treat (something to eat) or we'll play a trick on you!" The people inside were supposed to come to the door and comment on our costumes. Oh! here's a ghost. Oh, there's a witch. Oh, here's an old lady. Sometimes they would play along with us and Ptend to be scared by some ghost or witch. But they would always have some candy and maybe an apple to put in our "trick or treat bags." But what if no one come to the door, or if someone chased us away? Then we'd play a trick on them, usually taking a piece of soap and make marks on their windows. .And afterwards we would go home and count who got the most candy. One popular teen-agers' Halloween trick was to unroll a roll of toilet paper and throw it high into a tree again and again until the tree was all wrapped in the white paper. The paper would often stay in the tree for weeks until a heavy snow or rain washed it off. No real harm done, but it made a big mess of both the tree and the yard under it. One kind of Halloween mischief.

萬圣節的由來

在西方國家，每年的十月三十一日，有個Halloween，辭典解釋為 “The eve of All Saints'Day”，中文譯作：萬圣節之夜。

關于萬圣節，人們或多或少都有了一定的感性認知：知道萬圣節期 間，許多公共場所乃至居家院落，都會布置上很多裝璜，諸如各式鬼怪 呀、南瓜燈呀、還有黑貓以及巫婆的掃帚之類;孩子們會穿上每年不一 樣的萬圣節服裝，拎著南瓜燈的提簍去挨家挨戶地討糖，說是“trick or treak”。除此之外，你還想多知道一點嗎?我們在此簡單介紹一下 萬圣節的由來與習俗。

一、萬圣節的由來：

關于萬圣節由來的，傳說最多的版本認為，那是源于基督誕生前的古西歐國家，主要包括愛爾蘭、蘇格蘭和威爾士。這幾處的古西歐人叫德魯伊特人。德魯伊特的新年在十一月一日，新年前夜，德魯伊特人讓年輕人集隊，戴著各種怪異面具，拎著刻好的蘿卜燈(南瓜燈系后期習俗，古西歐最早沒有南瓜)，他們游走于村落間。這在當時實則為一種秋收的慶典;也有說是“鬼節”，傳說當年死去的人，靈魂會在萬圣節的前夜造訪人世，據說人們應該讓造訪的鬼魂看到圓滿的收成并對鬼魂呈現出豐盛的款待。所有篝火及燈火，一來為了嚇走鬼魂，同時也為鬼魂照亮路線，引導其回歸。 在中世紀的中歐，曾有過基督教摧毀異教徒的歷史。可是新年夜前的祭祀慶典從未真正消除，不過以巫術的形式出現。這也就是為什么我們現在的萬圣節里，還留有巫婆的掃帚、黑貓、咒語等痕跡。

二、Halloween一詞的產生：

很多民族都在萬圣節前夜有慶典聚會，這又被叫做“All Hallow E'en”、“The Eve of All Hallows”、“Hallow e'en”，或者“The eve of All Saintas'Day”。最終約定俗成演變成了“Halloween”，中文意譯成了萬圣節之夜。

三、“Trick or treat”的傳說：

孩子們今天著裝挨家要糖的習俗，據說起源于愛爾蘭。古西歐時候的愛爾蘭異教徒們，相信在萬圣節前夜鬼魂會群集于居家附近，并接受設宴款待。因而，在“宴會”結束后，村民們就自己扮成鬼魂精靈，游走村外，引導鬼魂離開，避邪免災。于此同時，村民們也都注意在屋前院后的擺布些水果及其他食品，喂足鬼魂而不至于讓它們傷害人類和動物或者掠奪其他收成。后來這習俗一直延續下來，就成了孩子們取笑不慷慨之家的玩笑。至于南瓜燈也至少有兩種說法。一種說是人挖空了南瓜又刻上鬼臉點上燭火用以驅散鬼的;另一種說是鬼魂點上的燭火，試圖騙取人們上當而跟著鬼魂走，所以人們就在南瓜表面刻上一個嘲諷的臉面，用以調笑鬼魂：哼!傻瓜才會上你的當。傳說因為首用南瓜的是一位愛爾蘭人Jack，所以人們又將鬼臉南瓜燈叫做Jack-O-Lantern。

四、現在的萬圣節

萬圣節流傳到今天已經完全沒有了宗教迷信色彩，它成了一個孩子們的節目，也是年輕人化裝舞會的節目。

社會對節日的活動也一直做著正面的引導：要求大人教育孩子們不做恐嚇性的惡作劇，也要求大人帶孩子一起出門(一般是大人架車停在路邊，小孩去敲門討糖)。大人應該要求孩子只許去門口有節日布置的并點了燈的人家，否則不去打擾。另外討糖過程的始終必須站在大門口等待，不許進屋，討回的糖也要交大人檢查后才許吃。對接待孩子的人家也要求不給自家制作的食品也不給未包裝的食品。

公共場合以及居家周圍的節日布置都是自愿的。鬼臉南瓜燈、白網黑蜘蛛等，都是節日的裝點，已全然沒有駭人之鬼魅色彩。有的女學生還端端在這時候會買一對南瓜或者鬼骷髏的耳環來佩帶。如果有哪家的布置做得過分恐怖了，會遭到有關方面的制止，媒體也會令其暴光，讓公眾指責。

萬圣節的服裝，也是萬人萬相，不是單調的大鬼小鬼了。有許多渠道教授人們如何制作萬圣節服裝。比如說制作最簡單的鬼服就用一張白床單頂在頭上，別忘了扣兩個洞留出眼睛就是;若是要扮演魔術師，就穿上黑衣黑褲，再戴上黑禮帽，并在禮帽與頭頂之間藏一只絨毛小兔備用;還教大人如何把孩子打扮成小天使，白衣白褲，再從背后怎么綁一個手電筒在頭上;也有教如何把孩子打扮成他們喜歡的卡通形象的。當然服裝、道具業的商人們，就更有文章可做了。

學校在萬圣節是不放假的。有時學校出面組織晚會，有時不甘寂寞的學生們也會自己主辦小型晚會;而朋友、家人間互寄賀卡祝萬圣節快樂則成為每年十月間流行的習俗。如今網際網路的發達使得送萬圣卡更為方便經濟，有的網站還別出心裁地設計了各種具有聲響動畫效果的萬圣卡 總之，萬圣節已成為西方人一個很普通的季節性節日。有很多人將此看作秋的結束以及冬的到來。萬圣節一過，人們就開始期盼感恩節、圣誕節乃至新年了。

萬圣節

萬圣節在西方又稱為"鬼節"，為每年的十月三十一日，現在"南瓜燈"、"巫婆的掃帚"、"黑貓"以及各式鬼怪的服裝都已成為萬圣節的標志，萬圣節已演變成除了圣誕節、感恩節之外的西方歷史悠久的第三大節日，許多地方在這一天到來之際舉辦盛大的化妝舞會來慶祝。

萬圣節的起源

最早是公元前，那時的新年是十一月一日，在這一天的前一夜稱為圣夜，所有的靈魂會在萬圣節的前夜造訪人世，造訪的鬼魂看到圓滿的收成并有豐盛的款待才不會在人間鬧事。所有篝火及燈火，一來為了嚇走鬼魂，同時也為鬼魂照亮路線，引導其回歸。住在英倫三島、愛爾蘭、法國一帶的凱爾特人每逢10月31日舉行慶祝活動。這一天晚上，他們預備了許多美味佳肴，讓善良的鬼來吃，或者在曠野的山丘上燃起篝火，讓明亮的火焰招來善鬼，驅走惡魔，這些大概是鬼節的最早形式了。后來，"鬼節"與基督教相結合，成為圣徒們的一個傳統節日，才成為現在的"萬圣節"。

萬圣節的活動

現在的萬圣節的活動多種多樣，19世紀末，最早的愛爾蘭和蘇格蘭人民開始過萬圣節前夜，愛爾蘭移民把萬圣節前夜的習俗帶到了美國，后來又傳入哥侖比亞及其它拉丁美洲國家。大部分是在教堂里進行的。而美國和加拿大的萬圣節成了孩子們的天堂，墨西哥的萬圣節卻又不同于這些國家，在北京許多商家也不錯過這樣的好機會。現在北京過萬圣節的人們越來越多，不少外國友人將家安在了北京，但是不會忘記這個節日，他們大多會在家里過節，而在北京的酒吧則熱鬧非常。

萬圣節的節目

電視臺在萬圣節期間也相繼播出一些科學探險活動以及不解之迷，更增加了神秘的節日氣氛，有關萬圣節的節目請您關注這里。

萬圣節的起源

關于萬圣節起源，傳說最多的版本認為，那是源于基督誕生前的古西歐國家，主要包括愛爾蘭、蘇格蘭和威爾士。這幾處的古西歐人叫德魯伊特人。德魯伊特的新年在十一月一日，新年前夜，德魯伊特人讓年輕人集隊，戴著各種怪異面具，拎著刻好的蘿卜燈(南瓜燈系后期習俗，古西歐最早沒有南瓜)，他們游走于村落間。這在當時實則為一種秋收的慶典;也有說是"鬼節"，傳說當年死去的人，靈魂會在萬圣節的前夜造訪人世，據說人們應該讓造訪的鬼魂看到圓滿的收成并對鬼魂呈現出豐盛的款待。所有篝火及燈火，一來為了嚇走鬼魂，同時也為鬼魂照亮路線，引導其回歸。

在中世紀的中歐，曾有過基督教摧毀異教徒的歷史。可是新年夜前的祭祀慶典從未真正消除，不過以巫術的形式出現。這也就是為什么我們現在的萬圣節里，還留有巫婆的掃帚、黑貓、咒語等痕跡。

Halloween一詞的產生：

很多民族都在萬圣節前夜有慶典聚會，這又被叫做"All Hallow E'en"、"The Eve of All Hallows"、"Hallow e'en"，或者"The eve of All Saintas'Day"。最終約定俗成演變成了"Halloween"，中文意譯成了萬圣節之夜。

"Trick or treat"的傳說：

孩子們今天著裝挨家要糖的習俗，據說起源于愛爾蘭。古西歐時候的愛爾蘭異教徒們，相在萬圣節前夜鬼魂會群集于居家附近，并接受設宴款待。因而，在"宴會"結束后，村民們就自己扮成鬼魂精靈，游走村外，引導鬼魂離開，避邪免災。于此同時，村民們也都注意在屋前院后的擺布些水果及其他食品，喂足鬼魂而不至于讓它們傷害人類和動物或者掠奪其他收成。后來這習俗一直延續下來，就成了孩子們取笑不慷慨之家的玩笑。

至于南瓜燈也至少有兩種說法。一種說是人挖空了南瓜又刻上鬼臉點上燭火用以驅散鬼魂的;另一種說是鬼魂點上的燭火，試圖騙取人們上當而跟著鬼魂走，所以人們就在南瓜表面刻上一個嘲諷的臉面，用以調笑鬼魂：哼!傻瓜才會上你的當。傳說因為首用南瓜的是一位愛爾蘭人Jack，所以人們又將鬼臉南瓜燈叫做Jack-O-Lantern。

萬圣節的活動

現在的萬圣節的活動多種多樣，大部分是在教堂里進行的。整個歐洲，人們都把萬圣節前夜看作盡情玩鬧、講鬼故事和互相嚇唬的好機會。姑娘們在萬圣節前夜努力用嘴叼起浮在水盆上的蘋果，據說如果她們把蘋果放在枕頭下睡，就能看到將來的夫婿。好惡作劇的人偷走別人的大門、家具或招牌等物，讓他們以為是惡鬼偷走的。當然，在萬圣節前夜誰也不到墓地去，因為那天夜里，鬼魂都從墳墓里爬出來!今天，我們利用這些迷信作為在萬圣節玩鬧的手段。

美國和加拿大的孩子們在這天穿戴上古怪的服飾去按鄰居家的門鈴，并按傳統發出"是款待我還是要我耍花招"的威脅。鄰居們不管是否被嚇著，總是準備了一些糖果、蘋果等點心，孩子們則一一收入自己的袋內。

美國的萬圣節是由歐洲人傳入的，特別是愛爾蘭人傳入的。不過宗教色彩已很淡薄，目前成為美國兒童最喜愛的節日。10月31日當夜幕徐徐降落以后，每家每戶在門口擺上一個用南瓜雕成的鬼臉，里面點上蠟燭。晚飯以后孩子們興高彩烈地戴上早已準備好的假面具，有披頭散發面目猙獰的妖魔，也有牙咧嘴、橫眉立目的鬼怪，使人看了不寒而栗。近幾十年來也有的孩子化裝成強盜或警察、米老鼠和唐老鴨以及戴羽毛頭飾的印第安人等。孩子們在家長的陪伴下走街串戶，所到之外主人都必須熱情款待，準備好的糖果任他們吃、拿，否則就要鬧個天翻地覆。

在美國萬圣節不僅僅是孩子們的節日，也是青年們的又一個狂歡節。華盛頓、紐約等大城市都是萬圣節前夜最熱鬧的地方。青年們象孩子一樣頭戴各式面具，越令人恐懼越好。三五成群地聚集在一起走向市中心，"魔鬼"們狹路相逢時還相互問候。有的人還化裝成總統或名人發表即興"演講"。在市中心廣場人們盡情歡樂，構成一幅群魔亂舞的場面，直鬧到深夜。

每年10月31日的萬圣節是一個在美國、加拿大和不列顛群島慶祝的節日。傳統的規定是 ：孩子們穿上各式服裝，挨家挨戶敲門索要糖果和玩小把戲的。對于老年人來說，萬圣節是一次舉行聚會并把自己打扮得越可怕越好的機會。網絡上有很多關于如何慶祝這一節日的材料，如果你提前一個月左右加入郵遞單，你將會讀到大量能增長萬圣節經歷的好點子。

墨西哥的鬼節是在11月2日，在?天家家??舳家?嬋徑?鐫煨偷拿姘?、煮雞肉、熱巧克力和甜玉米，并在供桌上面要擺上一些玩具，因為墨西哥人相信死去的孩童們，會在午夜時分回到自己的家中玩耍;而為死去的長輩們所準備的供桌上，則會陳列亡者的東西、鮮花、水果、照片和彩繪的骷頭。

Halloween

October 31st (western countries)Halloween is one of the oldest holidays with origins going back thousands of years.

The holiday has had many influences from many cultures over the centuries. From the Roman's Pomona Day, to the Celtic festival of Samhain,to the Christian holidays of All Saints and All Souls Days. Hundreds of years ago in what is now Great Britain and Northern France, lived the Celts (凱爾特人), who worshipped nature and had many gods, with the sun god as their favorite. They celebrated their New Year on November 1st which was made every year with a festival and marked the end of the "season of the sun" and the beginning of "the season of darkness and cold. "On October 31st after the crops were all harvested and stored for the long winter the cooking fires in the homes would be extinguished. The Druids, the Celtic priests, would meet in the hilltop in the dark oak forest (oak trees were considered sacred). They would light new fires and offer sacrifices of crops and animals. As they

danced around the fires, the season of the sun passed and the season of darkness would begin. When the morning arrived the Druids would give an ember from their fires to each family who would then take them home to start new cooking fires. These fires would keep the homes warm and free from evil spirits.The November 1st festival was called Samhain pronounced "sow-en"). The festival would last for 3 days. Many people would parade in costumes made from the skins and heads of their animals. This festival would become the first Halloween.

The Celtics would carry a lantern when they walked on the eve of October 31. These lanterns were carved out of big turnips (大頭菜) and the lights were believed to keep the evil spirits away. Children would carve faces in the turnips. These carved turnips were called "jack-o-lanterns. It is said that the jack-o-lantern" got its name from a stingy and mean old man, named Jack, who when he died was too mean to get into heaven. When Jack went to hell he was meet by the Devil who gave him a piece of burning coal and sent him away. Jack placed the burning coal in a turnip to use as a lantern to light his way. The legends claim that Jack is still walking with the lantern looking for a place to stay.When the early settlers came to America they found the big round orange pumpkin. Being larger and much more colorful than turnips, the pumpkin made great "jack-o-lanterns". Eventually the pumpkin would replace the turnip. Eventually the Pumpkin would become the most widely recognized symbol of the Halloween holiday. The history of "Trick'O'Treating" can be traced back to the early celebrations of All Soul's Day in Britain. The poor would go begging and the housewives would give them special treats called "soulcakes". This was called "going a-souling", and the "soulers" would promise to say a prayer for the dead.Over time the custom changed and the town's children became the beggars. As they went from house to house they would be given apples, buns (圓形的小甜面包), and money. During the Pioneer days of the American West, the housewives would give the children candy to keep from being tricked. The children would shout "Trick or Treat!".